Short strand vs long strand fiberglass filler - This is the length of the fiberglass that is mixed in the filler.

 
It contains ZNX-7TM for superior adhesion and corrosion resistance to bare steel, galvanized steel, and aluminum. . Short strand vs long strand fiberglass filler

Avoid using etching primer, as it won&x27;t adhere well to fiberglass. Keep your polisher moving. Were going to explain why fiberglass insulation does not burn but why it can still contribute to a house fire. The filler actually has fiberglass mixed in it. Carbon fiber can yield even greater strength, although it has been used mainly in aerospace, sporting goods, and in other high end applications such as race cars, super cars, and luxury vehicles due to cost. 19 jun 2015. Think of milled fiber and resin as millions of scarf joints. Fiberglass-reinforced bondo (whether with short-strand or finer additives) is quite a bit stronger, but it is also A LOT harder to sand. To do this, lift up the individual strands so that the soda powder really goes. Spread a dollop of filler on you board, and mix in your hardener. The consistency and slower burn of carefully fermented and aged long fillers can help the flavors more naturally caramelize, add complexity to the mix, and reveal a desirable aroma. Fiberglass has been chosen over KEVLAR to keep costs low. The versatile filler is suitable for repairs on fiberglass, metal and wood. 4th step. 0 out of 5. Results 1 - 24 of 40. Formulated with short-strand fiberglass fibers, DURAGLAS provides ultimate strength and durability on rust-outs, holes, tears and cracks. Add catalyst or hardener and mix the resin as instructed. Good fences should last from 25 to 50 years. Large gashes, punctures, and other similar types of piercing damage will typically require the use of long strand filler. Fast and easy-to-use permanent bonding method provides high strength and long-term durability. 100 Waterproof. 5 feet tall, and the transom is 2 feet by 5 feet. Compared to long strand fiberglass filler, short strand filler is also a bit more malleable and softer. Long-strandis used for major fiberglass repair in large areas and is excellent for bulk filling. Finishing Fillers - Finishing fillers are made similarly to lightweight fillers. Strand-type fillers are drastically different from premium filler because they consist primarily of resin instead of powder. 3 &183; Jan 25, 2016. This waterproof formulation also provides excellent featheredging and sanding properties. Mar 16, 2004 86GMC2. As part of MSC Industrial Supply's Fleet Maintenance offering, this item can be found using MSC part number 00001982. Fenders and bedsides. Super-strong long-strand reinforcing compound to restore and repair surfaces. Examples are Evercoat&x27;s "Metal-2-Metal", "Everglass", "Kitty Hair", "Tiger Hair". Kevlar 4. Evercoat Fiber Tech fiberglass reinforced body filler is a unique repair filler formulated with a combination of Kevlar and high-tech short and long strand fibers. Chopped strand mat is produced by chopping continuous strand roving into short 1. This fiberglass filled filler works well on metal and fiberglass panels and has a waterproof quality, promoting durability. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Body Filler; 12 Gallon; Minimizes repair mapping, cracking, and halos by providing the density and stability of a short strand filler. Both G-10 and FR-4 are rated at 285 degree F continuous operating temperature 5 ounce chopped strand mats Looking for Fiberglass campers Call (916) 645-3870 today Optimum for corrosion resistance and long service life Optimum for corrosion resistance and long service life. Give it some time to cure and really harden up then you can sand and use fairing filler if needed, then I would just spray paint, it&x27;s the underside of a fishing boat. 125 in. Compared to long strand fiberglass filler, long strand fiberglass filler,. Smooth spreading. Formulated with short-strand fiberglass fibers, DURAGLAS provides ultimate strength and durability on rust-outs, holes, tears and cracks. The Evercoat EverGlass Short Strand Reinforced Filler is a fiberglass reinforced body filler. Fibral Fiberglass Filler takes the place of short and long strand products and is ideal for bridging holes while providing a tough resistant GRP coating. 75 Filler Panel; 1224 Phillips Head Bolt (Bag of 50). It is strong, but woven fibers do not inter-mesh with the fibers of other layers of fiberglass cloth. Short strand vs long strand fiberglass filler This "leathery" material is generally composed of randomly oriented, short-chopped fiberglassin a thick (viscosity 5,000 to 80,000 centipoise) resin and fillerpaste. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Continuous Filament Mat (also known as continuous strand mat), is a randomly orientated fiber that differs from chopped strand mat because of continuous long fibers rather than short chopped fibers. The filler is reinforced with short-strand fibreglass to create a waterproof repair. New Products Fiberglas Rebar. Here at Filti, we spin our nanofiber from a base polymer. Blue cream hardener included. The LONG STRAND fiberglass filler is stronger but doesn't spread as smoothly and is better for repairs to broken or missing pieces of fiberglass. Re Is there really a difference between regular Bondo and fiberglass reinforced Bond Yes, big difference. Log In My Account ev. 1 Gallon with hardener. Long (12 or 14) lengths of reinforcing glass fiber that are added to resin systems to increase strength as well as aid adhesion. Auto body filler has no place on a boat. purple it ltd. Easy from Mixing to Sanding. Bondo is quick to mix, quick to dry, easy to use and it does not shrink. I will keep working on it. You should target a 5050 fiber to resin ratio for your repair, so once you have weighed your reinforcements, measure out the same weight of resin. ADVANTAGES Provides the density and stability of a short strand filler to prevent repair mapping. Bondo&174; Fiberglass Resin Kit, P. Posted Wed Feb 27, 2008 525 pm Post subject Bondo hair is long stranded fiberglass bondo mix -VS- the short strand fiberglass mix that is in bondo glass. Second, you can put fillers (regular, short strand, long, doesn&39;t matter) either under, or over epoxy. 6 out of 5 stars 3,150 Evercoat Glass-Lite Lightweight Short Strand Reinforced Filler - Waterproof Body Filler - 128 Fl Oz. I am going to be using some fiberglass to do some body work on my truck. The first step is to apply short. So be careful in selecting the fiberglass body filler. Contains ZNX-7T for superior adhesion and corrosion resistance to bare steel, galvanized steel and aluminum. Bondo dries in less than 30 minutes and only requires one coat This means more projects in less time. Fiberglass (American English) or fibreglass (Commonwealth English) is a common type of fiber-reinforced plastic using glass fiber. The diffrence between the fillers is what&x27;s in them. Fibreglass Evercoat 632 Everglass Short. Start by dry sanding with 220-240 grit production paper to thoroughly remove the glossy layer from the gelcoat. Bondo Hair (and Bondo Glass) are the most used products on my shelf. Here you can find Merdedes-Benz E-Class W211 DVD, C-Class W203 DVD GPS, CLK W209 DVD, S-Class W220 DVD GPS and others. Easy from Mixing to Sanding. Its lightweight formula can be easily shaped and sanded once cured. 6 sept 2021. Short strand, fiberglass reinforced body filler. We offer 100 carbon fiber products, carbon fiber overlay with a fiberglass underlay products, and custom color and weave pattern products We specialize in the design and manufacture of composite sandwich panels in a wide range of materials including carbon fiber, fiberglass, foam and honeycomb Made using state-of-the-art. Here at Filti, we spin our nanofiber from a base polymer. When I went to the auto parts store they had either short strand or long strand fiberglass and I was wondering what the applications for each are. Excellent for marine applications. SHORT STRAND is better used for repairs on metal surfaces or on broken fiberglass parts where there are no holes to span. In theory, it offers. Buy Body Filler - Automotive Refinishing Bondo(R) Bondo-Hair Long Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler - MMM 762 online from NAPA Auto Parts Stores. 3M Dyna. Load More. Fibral Lite Fiberglass Filler takes the place of both short and long strand products. a 14 oz. Fiberglass filler is great for applying over welded areas and can be used as a build layer where thicker applications of body filler are needed. Restoring Metal & Fiberglass Auto Body Panels. Second, you can put fillers (regular, short strand, long, doesn&39;t matter) either under, or over epoxy. Non-sagging even on vertical surfaces spreads, adheres, and finishes like a polyester filler. The filler comes with Bondo Red Cream Hardener for fast, easy mixing. This "leathery" material is generally composed of randomly oriented, short-chopped fiberglass in a thick (viscosity 5,000 to 80,000 centipoise) resin and filler paste. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Follow this with a wax and grease remover surface cleaner. 3M Long Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler "Long"fiberglass filaments provide the extra body needed to fill holes,cracks, and tears in fiberglass,and holes in metal surfaces. Answer this Question. Long-strand is used for major fiberglass repair in large areas and is excellent for bulk filling. Item UPO 753. or damaged fiberglass materials. Posts 1160. Log In My Account ck. You can fair it off later. Work the putty into the low spot, and then sand it away until the area is flush with the rest of the surface. Duraglas Fiberglass Reinforced Auto Body Filler Rust & Waterproof Single Short-Strand Fiberglass Body Filler, Base Color of Dark Green 1 Gallon. This is Part 2 in a three-part series. Bondo is quick to mix, quick to dry, easy to use and it does not shrink. A Unique Line of Reinforced Filler Products from 3M. Now with Kevlar, it ensures. 10. 3M Short Strand Reinforced Filler can be used in conjunction with fiberglass tape, cloth or mat to repair and rebuild rusted out metal and damaged fiberglass materials. Can be used with or without fiberglass mat or cloth. It&39;s all a matter of personal preference IMO. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Bondo-Hair is formulated with long strands of chopped fiberglass for twice the strength of a regular body filler. Offers the utility and strength of a long strand filler. Once your patch materials are prepared, preweigh the reinforcement schedule. Excellent for marine applications. The mixing ratio for the hardener and filler will be on the can and the filler should be dragged across the surface when mixing so you don&x27;t introduce air bubbles in the filler. It will bond very well. Joined April 20, 2006. Everglass Short Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler, 1 Quart. Short-strand is used for less intensive repairs. Spray-Up also known as chop method of creating fiberglass objects by spraying short strands of glass out of a pneumatic gun. 45 Pint Bondo Bondo-Hair Long Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler, 00762, 1 Quart; Price 1734 13. Answer (1 of 7) With proper care a fibreglass boat will last more than 50 years. Specialty Body Fillers · DURAGLAS · PRO-GLAS · LONG &39;N STRONG · ALL-METAL . Formulated with long strands of chopped fiberglass. Sand and then Use your body filler like Rage to finish. Take out the desired amount of filler on a clean mixing surface and mix with hardener. West Marine offers everything you need for cosmetic gel coat and structural fiberglass repairs. Compared to long strand fiberglass filler, short strand filler is also a bit more malleable and softer. PRO GLAS combines the durability of fiberglass reinforcement with the workability of light weight filler. 6 Sep 15, 2006. OK, First, I almost never use short strand filler. The first step is to apply short strand fiberglass reinforced filler over . It will be mostly smoothing of pitted metal and filling minor blemishes. Evercoat Tiger Hair Long Strand Fiberglass Filler - 1190. I&39;ve been putting fillers under my primers for over 40 years, it&39;s the way it always was in the past. Zinc compatible with ZNX-7TM for improved corrosion protection, adhesion, waterproof and rustproof. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Substrates Bare steel, fiberglass, SMC, rigid plastic, fully cured paint surfaces. Blown-in fiberglass is also considered non-flammable, but installation requires specialized equipment. Compared to long strand fiberglass filler, short strand filler is also a bit more malleable and softer. 37,152 Posts. The 3M Short Strand Fiberglass Filler 38 oz Body Filler, 1 oz Cream Hardener can be found within the Automotive Body Repair Fillers category. Double the strength of standard fillers. Apply the plastic body filler to a cleaned and prepped surface using a metal or plastic spreader. 4 6. Fiberglass-reinforced bondo (whether with short-strand or finer additives) is quite a bit stronger, but it is also A LOT harder to sand. Its lightweight formula can be easily shaped and sanded once cured. To do this, lift up the individual strands so that the soda powder really goes. It can be used in conjunction with fibreglass tape, cloth or mat to repair and rebuild rusted out metal and damaged fibreglass materials. Its fast curing properties allow for sanding in as little as 20 minutes, keeping. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. Capable of repairing one inch rust holes, shattered fiberglass and dents where extra strength is required. Item UPO 753. Bondo Glass, Short Strand Reinforced Fiberglass Filler. In theory, it offers. 5KG of resin for every KG of mat. 3M Short Strand Reinforced Filler is thicker than regular filler, so it requires a bit more effort to mix. This is a body filler that is mixed with glass strands, and is also used on steel cars in high-flex areas. Its lightweight formula can be easily shaped and sanded once cured. daz3d cyberpunk car; edit activated orders user permission salesforce; best ambroxan scent lard and salt remedy; catfish reddit stories sit addon for minecraft motion air adjustable base not working. Long (12 or 14) lengths of reinforcing glass fiber that are added to resin systems to increase strength as well as aid adhesion. Bondo glass comprises short strands of fiberglass that are interlocked together. It is a great solution for repairing holes and rust on metal and fiberglass. 3M Dyna. This fiberglass filled filler works well on metal and fiberglass panels and has a waterproof quality, promoting durability. The suspended barbed wires are held apart by twisted wire stays or short pieces of fiberglass posts spaced approximately 10 to 12 feet. White Glass Microspheres Filler. Create a tight knot by pulling firmly at the end of the third rope strand. Bondo-Glass&174; reinforced filler makes an excellent foundation for hole, dent, and rust-out repairs, up to 12" dia. Short strand, fiberglass reinforced body filler. It&39;s a crutch. Ideal for automotive and marine repair, this waterproof fiberglass body filler features a 2-part high-resin formula that delivers smooth. Good quality body filler (not bondo) Used under the right circumstances and over the right materials will last a very very long time. Chevy & Ford Custom Neon Signs. We stock Mat in tow weights. Thicker and More Malleable3M Short Strand Reinforced Filler is thicker than regular filler, so it requires a bit more effort to mix. Before quick-hardening polyester fillers, seams and valleys were filled with molten lead. It is cut into a specific length from continuous glass fiber protofilament and it contains a certain amount of moisture. The randomly oriented fibers give. Spreads like a short strand yet bridges holes like a long strand. It is a great solution for repairing holes and rust on metal and fiberglass. 16,464 Posts. The adhesion and flexibility provided by long strands of fiberglass allow long strand filler to reinforce large sections of a damaged body part. No need to use both fiberglass and then body filler. lj ix. Evercoat Everglass Short Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler - Waterproof Filler - 32 Fl Oz 46. Use a foam roller or brush to wet out fabric on vertical surfaces. 1 QT. Multimode OM3 50125. Thanks Jersey, I have to admit I added to the crease trying to shrink it myself with a small propane torch. Auto body filler has no place on a boat. Polyester or vinyl ester resin is typically used to wet out CSM because the solvent, styrene, in these resins dissolves the binder in the mat backing and wets it out completely. Fibral Lite. This video demonstrates our Fibral Lite Lightweight Sandable Fiberglass Filler. Will not run or sag. FIBRAL LITE takes the place of both short and long strand products. So, in spite of being reinforced, Milled Fiberglass Reinforced Filler retains the easy workability of a traditional premium cream filler. Polyester fillers are 2 part thick body fillers used for severe filling andor minor dent filling. 3M Dyna. The Teroson Up 610 Marine Filler 787g is the universal unsaturated polyester body filler used for marine applications. The versatile filler is suitable for repairs on fiberglass, metal and wood. We offer 100 carbon fiber products, carbon fiber overlay with a fiberglass underlay products, and custom color and weave pattern products We specialize in the design and manufacture of composite sandwich panels in a wide range of materials including carbon fiber, fiberglass, foam and honeycomb Made using state-of-the-art. 5 oz Hardener Manufacturer Bondo Item Weight 11 pounds Product . It indicates, "Click to perform a search". The long hair filler provides the most strength out of the two. bondo comes in different types, heavy duty filler, medium filler, metal spotting glaze, duraglass (long or short strand). Mat is only compatible with polyester and vinyl ester resin. Can be used with or without fiberglass mat or cloth. This fiberglass filled filler works well on metal and fiberglass panels and has a waterproof quality, promoting durability. Fibral Lite Fiberglass Filler takes the place of both short and long strand. High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. The Dynatron Dyna-Glass Fiberglass Reinforced Filler is twice as strong as any regular body filler. Contains ZNX-7 for superior adhesion and corrosion resistance to bare steel, galvanized steel and aluminum. Extra-long strands of fiberglass for maximum bonding. This strength is found in the long strand versions. The original polyester glazing putty. apartments for rent puerto rico, how to attach cargo bag without roof rack

It contains short, interlocking fiberglass strands and fibers that make it twice as strong as standard body filler. . Short strand vs long strand fiberglass filler

 Zinc compatible with ZNX-7TM for improved corrosion protection, adhesion, waterproof and rustproof. . Short strand vs long strand fiberglass filler bokeh full bokeh lights bokeh video hd

100 Waterproof. with 5. This waterproof formulation also provides excellent feather edging and sanding properties. 12 in. Thicker and More Malleable3M Short Strand Reinforced Filler is thicker than regular filler, so it requires a bit more effort to mix. Sands in only 20 minutes. Corrosion-resistant glass, known as C-glass or E-CR glass, stands up better to an acid solution than does E-glass. It will bond very well. speedo endurance swimsuit kaito voice actor; best amazon sourcing software. The filler actually has fiberglass mixed in it. Short-strand is used for less intensive repairs. Many people outside the trade may simply think of Bondo when they hear the term body fillers. mat and woven roving, run diagonally criss cross. Tap it with a hammer. It is approx 30 per linear foot , and the cheapest AC component is an air. Description. Buy now. SMC is a pretty simple material compared to boat hull and deck laminates. The first step is to apply short strand fiberglass reinforced filler over all the welded seam. SKU 167018. FIBRAL LITE takes the place of both short and long strand products. It is easier to conform mat to tight curves and. td zw me ja tz vv aj br ox. Which woud be best for me to use. The first step is to apply short. OUT OF ST. In ferro-cement boats, the composite structure is based on a matrix (concrete) that will fail before the reinforcement can be fully engaged. The polymer is loaded into an extruder at one end of the field and is quickly pulled out and stretched to the oppositely charged end, creating a long, thin strand. It indicates, "Click to perform a search". High strength, high build and waterproof which makes it excellent for repairing holes, rusted metal, body seams and shattered fiberglass. "Bondo Glass" is a short strand fiberglass filler, I goes on like Bondo, but it is made of fiberglass, so it is stronger, it&x27;s also a little harder to sand then regualar bondo. This waterproof formulation also provides excellent featheredging and sanding properties. . However, E-glass and S-glass are much more resistant to sodium carbonate solution (a base) than is C-glass. cordog009;1475607 said. Short-strand is used for less intensive repairs. Use a very long filler spreader, 2ft600mm, for the final skims of filler, you are trying here to eliminate not only short, but also long wave ripples in the glassfibre. qb fu vs iw yu. Containing short strand fiberglass fillers, this blue-green color filler works on a variety of substrates, such as aluminum, wood. Can be paired with body filler and glaze for complete repairs. Carbon fiber can yield even greater strength, although it has been used mainly in aerospace, sporting goods, and in other high end applications such as race cars, super cars, and luxury vehicles due to cost. 1 answer. Its lightweight formula can be easily shaped and sanded once cured. Polyester putties Evercoat&x27;s. It comes short hair and long hair. Think of milled fiber and resin as millions of scarf joints. 37 lbs. Both G-10 and FR-4 are rated at 285 degree F continuous operating temperature 5 ounce chopped strand mats Looking for Fiberglass campers Call (916) 645-3870 today Optimum for corrosion resistance and long service life Optimum for corrosion resistance and long service life. and fiberglass jelly have strands of fiber glass, short or long . The filler comes with Bondo Red Cream Hardener for fast, easy mixing. Thicker and More Malleable3M Short Strand Reinforced Filler is thicker than regular filler , so it requires a bit more effort to mix. A fiberglass mat having high tear resistance which comprises a base or sheet made of chopped glass fibers, bonded together by a bonding agent. Fibral Lite Fiberglass Filler takes the place of both short and long strand products. It indicates, "Click to perform a search". SKU 167018. sanded once cured. SOUNDSOAK Fabric Walls Light weight fiberglass cloth available in small 2 yd pkgs up to full rolls at very low The combination of these materials make our windows and doors rigid yet lightweight for easy operation 75 Lite 1-Panel Fiberglass Prehung Front Entry Doors online from Wayfair, we make it as easy as possible for you to find out when your product will be delivered. 04-15-2010, 0211 PM 4. If your technician must use either of these types of fillers, then expect to have additional labor. Only 4 left in stock -. Strength is achieved by a unique vinyl ester formulation designed with short strand fiberglass for semi-structural repairs, above and below the waterline. Excellent for marine applications. CarGroom Glass&162; Short-Strand fiberglass-filled filler is ideal for moderate repairs to rusted areas, holes and tears on metal or fiberglass surfaces. One reason Bondo (r) is inexpensive to buy is that it&x27;s inexpensive to make. Answer this Question. Engineering Fiber Glass FiberChopped Strand Glass Fiber GFT-16 is a kind of alkali free wet chopped glass fiber. Bondo Glass, Short Strand Reinforced Fiberglass Filler, Stage 2, 10 lbs 1 oz. to34o0KbaFiberglass strands and fibers make it twice as strong as regular body fillerCovers small (up t. Cork is supplied in spherical, cubical, elongated, and shredded forms, in particle sizes of 1 in. Each product has been put through extensive real-world testing to ensure you have the right product for the right job. It&39;s a crutch. MILLED fiberglass filler is best used where the panel strength is already good. It&x27;s excellent for use on panel-bonded seams, weld areas, door edges, and areas prone to water exposure. 1K Messages 3. Evercoat Tiger Hair Long Strand. 19 x 1. Chevy & Ford Custom Neon Signs. Just gently spread it on the surface with the spreader. Smooth spreading and easy to apply. Body Filler; 12 Gallon; Minimizes repair mapping, cracking, and halos by providing the density and stability of a short strand filler. You are not going to be able to fill rust with anything and expect it to last. Often used for filling large voids. 3M VHB TAPE 4930 WHITE 204. Chopped Fiberglass Strand. Here at Filti, we spin our nanofiber from a base polymer. Can be shaped and sanded once cured. This waterproof formulation also provides excellent feather edging and sanding properties. Evercoat Tiger Hair Long Strand. 00 125. 1 answer. Bondo-Hair Long Strand Fiberglass Reinforced Filler is also very fast and easy to use. 16,464 Posts. IDEAL FOR repairing rust-out and rust hole repairs, COVERS SMALL HOLES (up to ") without the need for backing strips, fiberglass resin or cloth, Bondo Glass Reinforced Filler formula is stronger than traditional lightweight filler, Ideal to repair metal, wood, concrete, masonry and fiberglass, Sandable in as little as 20 minutes for quick repairs, Waterproof formula works for. not the long strand. Specialty Body Fillers · DURAGLAS · PRO-GLAS · LONG &39;N STRONG · ALL-METAL . This is a strong waterproof filler. Its popularity is due to the presence of smaller milled fibers mixed in with shorter strand fibers which provides strength while avoiding the stringy texture of other reinforced fillers. Compared to long strand fiberglass filler, short strand filler is also a bit more malleable and softer. Second, you can put fillers (regular, short strand, long, doesn&39;t matter) either under, or over epoxy. Give it some time to cure and really harden up then you can sand and use fairing filler if needed, then I would just spray paint, it&x27;s the underside of a fishing boat. I also used the same stuff to blend my welding seam where I welded on my rear quarters. Here at Filti, we spin our nanofiber from a base polymer. Second, you can put fillers (regular, short strand, long, doesn&39;t matter) either under, or over epoxy. The low spot must extend past the hole. Short-strand is used for less intensive repairs. Duraglas Fiberglass Reinforced Auto Body Filler Rust & Waterproof Single Short-Strand Fiberglass Body Filler, Base Color of Dark Green 1 Gallon. Containing short strand fiberglass fillers, this blue-green color filler works on a variety of substrates, such as aluminum, wood. Like concrete, fibreglass doesn&x27;t truly break down or lose strength on its own. This is Part 2 in a three-part series. Continuous strand mat provides the most economical method of obtaining a high degree of transverse, or bi-directional strength characteristics. This is a strong waterproof filler. . gcse design and technology textbook pdf